公共健康领域权利与善的和解

Reconciliation of Rights and Goods in Public Health

公共健康领域中个人权利与共同善的冲突往往难以避免,如何调解二者之间的冲突成为公共健康领域的一个核心伦理问题。个人权利与共同善冲突的实质是个人与社会的权利冲突。但是,没有无权利的义务,也没有无义务的权利。如果能够从"义务"的视角思考公共健康问题,个人权利与共同善的冲突或许就可迎刃而解。个人要确保自己的权利,就必须对所处的社会承担义务。同时,社会也要承担保护个人权利的义务。个人与社会之间在履行相互的健康义务中实现了权利与善的和解。

The conflict between individual rights and common goods in public health is usually unavoidable , and the fundamental ethical problem in public health is finding a way to reconcile this conflict .The essence of this conflict is the conflicts between rights of individual and rights of society .However ,there are no rights without duty accompanied ,and vice versa .Therefore ,if we can reflect public health issues from the viewpoint of “duty” ,the conflicts between individual rights and common goods maybe reconciled easily .Every individual must take the responsibility of his society if he wants to assume his own rights .At the same time ,the society must take the responsibility of protecting its individuals .The conflicts between rights and goods are reconciled by performing health duty between individual and society .