2012年河南省疟疾标本的实验室检测分析

Detection and analysis of malaria samples from Henan Province in 2012

目的比较疟疾实验室检测方法,分析疟疾标本的检测结果。方法分别用吉氏染色镜检、巢氏PCR和序列分析方法对2012年河南省收集的165份疟疾标本进行检测,并对检测方法及结果进行分析比较。结果综合分析镜检、巢氏PCR和序列分析等3种方法的检测结果,165份疟疾标本的阳性率为93.94%,其中镜检和巢氏PCR阳性率分别为87.88%和90.30%;两种方法对疟原虫虫种的误判率为10.32%,其中对间日疟原虫、卵形疟原虫和三日疟原虫的误判率分别为42.86%、40.00%和28.57%,而对恶性疟原虫的误判率为0.85%。结论姬氏染色镜检和巢氏PCR两种方法在疟疾检测中各有优缺点,建议2种方法结合使用以提高疟疾诊断的准确率。

Objective To compare laboratory tests for malaria and analyze the results of malaria detection in samples. Methods Microscopy, nested PCR, and sequence analysis were used to detect malaria in 165 samples of malaria collected in Henan Province in 2012. Results of the laboratory tests were then analyzed. Results Comprehensive analysis of the results of microscopy, nested PCR, and sequence analysis indicated that the 165 samples of malaria tested positive for ma- laria at a rate of 93.94%. Samples tested positive for malaria at a rate of 87.88%according to microscopy and at a rate of 90.30% according to nested PCR. The rate of mis-identification of Plasmodium was 10.32%, the rate of mis-identifica- tion of P. vivax was 42.86%, the rate of mis-identification of P. ovale was 40.00%, and the rate of mis-identification of P. Malariae was 28.57 %. The rate of mis-identification was lowest for P. falciparum at only 0.85 %. Conclusion Both microscopy and nested PCR have advantages and disadvantages in terms of detecting malaria. Results suggested that the two methods be used in combination to improve the accuracy of malaria diagnosis.