论资源配置行政特许的私法定性

On the Civil Nature of Administrative licenses in Allocation of Resources

资源配置的行政特许,其本质应当属于私法上的合同关系。特许合同的私法定性,有利于化解资源配置的行政模式的缺陷,防止公权力滥用,细化公共利益。特许合同的法律构造属于继续性合同与非典型性附负担合同,其制度功能分别在于维护资源利用人的利益与公共利益。特许合同的成立方式应当优先适用招标方式,拍卖方式也仅限于修正后的方式。

The nature of administrative licenses in the allocation of resources lies in its civil nature. Acknowledging its civil nature can assist in overcoming the defects of administratively allocating resources and preventing abuses of power; it also concretizes abstract public interests. Such charter contracts are one type of continual and atypical burden-attached contracts. Administrative license＇s institutional function is to protect the interests of the resources beneficiary as well as public interests. Its establishment should preferably be accomplished through bidding and its sale should be done through modified auction.