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微RNA在2型糖尿病发病中的作用

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摘要 2型糖尿病发病与遗传及环境因素密切相关.该病的家族聚集性及在某些种族的高发病率提示遗传因素在发病中重要的作用.2型糖尿病具有遗传异质性,其表型受到多基因遗传背景和复杂环境因素的共同控制.全基因组的研究也证实2型糖尿病和多种基因相关,但具体机制不清.已知调控基因表达方式主要有4种:组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化、染色质重塑、非编码RNA调控[1].微RNA(miRNA)是目前非编码RNA中研究最多的一种.1993年Lee等首先报道在线虫中发现miRNA,并证实miRNA能够调节机体的发育时间.随后对人类的研究发现miRNA占人类全基因组的3%,其中30%编码蛋白质的基因受其调控,是重要的基因调控元件.
出处 《中国医师进修杂志》 2014年第10期72-74,共3页 Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
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