网售化妆品非卖品的民事违法性分析——以商标法和合同法为研究角度

A Study on the Civil Illegality of Online-sell Cosmetic Testers: From the Perspective of Trademark Law and Contract Law

在众多的商品中,日化类商品与其他类商品在销售上表现出的不同特征是,生产商通常会给销售商提供商品非卖品。纵观中国各大电子商务网站,以聚美优品、乐蜂网等为代表的主营护肤品、彩妆品等商品销售的网站上,均存在大量标有"not for sale"(不为销售)字样的化妆品非卖品销售,并且此类销售占了整个网站销售量的很大比例。在淘宝等网购平台,销售化妆品非卖品以及其他日化类产品的非卖品也非常普遍。从商标法角度,欧盟法院审理的两起案件的裁决表明,商标权利穷竭理论无法为销售非卖品构成商标侵权开脱。从合同法角度,根据具体情形,化妆品生产商可从赠与合同、委托合同、附随义务等角度寻求违约责任的救济。

Among all kinds of commodities, the sale of cosmetics shows a characteristic that the producers usually provide testers and samples to the sellers. Among Chinese main E-Commerce websites, lots of products labeled ＂not for sale＂ exist in those websites that sell cosmetics for skin care or makeup or perfumes as their major business, such as jumei.com and lefeng.com, and the sales of these testers account for a considerable proportion of the total volume. Such sales are also quite common on E-Commerce intermediary platforms such as taobao.com. From the perspective of trademark law, the two judgments made by the European Court of Justice demonstrate that the doctrine of the exhaustion of trademark rights cannot absolve such activity from infringement; from the perspective of contract law, cosmetics manufacturers can seek for remedies on the ground of donation contract, commision contract, or accessory obligation on a case-by-case basis.