从“以舞表情”到“借诗言志”——论舞蹈与先秦歌诗的发展

From “Expressing Feelings by Dance” to “Conveying Aspirations by Poetry” ——On the Development of Dance and the Pre-Qin Poetry

远古时期歌乐舞三者密不可分,混合为一。在这种混合艺术中,舞蹈是其核心,歌诗依附于舞蹈而存在,是舞蹈的伴奏和节拍。在舞蹈的影响下,歌诗的功用在声而不在意,且在内容和艺术上呈现出"浅薄而粗野"的特点。歌诗的这种存在状态及特点,使其不具有独立传播的价值,因此在后代的典籍中,很难发现远古歌诗的踪影。至周,礼乐文化兴盛,歌诗成为时人表情达意的重要方式,此时歌诗方摆脱舞蹈的束缚,得以进入自身的发展轨道,并快速地走向繁荣。

Song, music and dance are inseparable and mixed together in ancient times. In the blending art, dance is the core which is accompanied by poetry as the beat and accompaniment. With the dance as the main form, the poetry function attaches great importance on the sound, not the meaning, and its form and content are amateur and provincial. Due to its characteristics and existing state, the poetry doesn＇t have its own independent value to spread. To the Zhou dynasty, the etiquette - music culture was beginning to flourish. Shaking off the yoke of dance, the poetry reached its own orbit, and developed rapidly towards prosperity.