被救助者失信行为的法律规制——以打破“救人反被诬陷”怪圈为中心

Legal Regulation on the Acts of the Rescuee's Dishonesty :A Review on Breaking the Cycle of “The Rescuer Has Been Framed Instead”

良好的人际关系和必要的信任心理既是社会运转的必然要求,更是构建和谐社会的核心内容。"救人反被诬陷"让人心寒,只会导致见死不救不断出现,并造成整个社会人际关系更加冷漠。打破"救人反被诬陷"的怪圈,不能一味责怪人心凉薄,也不能单纯诉诸道德感召。立法对被救助者失信行为的惩罚不力和司法对救助个案判决的失准是被救助者失信的重要原因。因此,应从立法和司法层面堵塞漏洞,通过立法加大对诬陷者的惩罚以矫正被救助者的失信行为,法院审理救助案件时应严格遵守举证规则,实现对救助者不被诬陷的权益保障,以营造一个有利于鼓励危难救助的安全社会环境。

As we all know, the good interpersonal relationships and the necessarily confident psychology are not only the inevitable requirement to the normal function of society, but also the core content of building a harmonious society. That the rescuers have been framed instead, makes people feel sad. It leads to emerge the phenomenon constantly that one will not to give help with others＇distress. It also leads to the indifference of the whole social relation- ships. In order to overcome this phenomenon, we can not blindly blame the people of the cold - blooded, and can not simply depend on moral appeal ei- ther. There are two important reasons for the rescuees to select dishonesty. One is our law punishes the acts of dishonesty of the reseuees ineffectively, the other is there was inaccurate judgment on rescue case. Therefore, in order to provide protection for rescuer the fight of not being framed, and create a so- cial security environment in favor of encouraging for relief in distress, we should plug the loopholes through increasing penalties on the reseueeg acts of dis- honesty in law, strictly complying with the rules of evidence when the courts try the cases of rescue.