3种诱变因子对箭筈豌豆种子萌发的影响

Effects of three mutagens on seed germination of Vicia sativa

研究了经不同剂量60 Co-γ射线、秋水仙素及甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变处理后,箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)种子的萌发率、萌发指数及幼苗生长情况。结果表明,60 Co-γ射线对箭筈豌豆种子萌发率无显著影响,对种子胚根和胚芽长有一定程度的抑制作用,最佳辐射剂量为600Gy。不同剂量秋水仙素对箭筈豌豆种子的萌发率、胚根和胚芽长均产生明显的抑制作用,短时间处理对种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制作用较小,经0.20%浓度处理24h的种子,其萌发率和萌发指数分别为45%和0.757。经EMS处理后的种子萌发率和幼苗生长随处理时间和处理浓度的变化而变化,其中0.5mL·L-1浓度处理48h终萌发率为46%,可推荐为EMS处理的最佳剂量。

This experiment studied the seed germination rate, germination index and the growth of seedlings of Vicia sativa under different doses of 60Co-γ-rays, colchicine and Ethyl methyl sulfonate （EMS） mutagenic treatments. The results showed that 60Co-γrays inhibited radical and plumule length of V.sativa to a certain degree, however, this treatment had no significant effect on the germination rate. The optimum dosage was 600 to 1 000 Gy. The germination rate, radical and plumule length of V.sativa was inhibited by colchicine. However, there was less inhibitory effect under short time treatment. The germination rate and germination index of V.sativa were 45% and 0.757, respectively, under the treatment of seed in colchicine solution at 0.2% for 24 h. Effects of EMS on the germination rate, radical and plumule length of V.sativa varied with processing time and concentrations. The final germination rate was 46% under the treatment of seeds in EMS solution at 0.5 ml·L-1 concentration for 48 h which recommended as the optimum EMS dosage..