淡水养殖净化菌株的筛选及其对水质的改善效果

Screening of Purification Strains for Freshwater Aquaculture and Its Improvement Effect on Water Quality

为了提高淡水养殖业的经济效益,以养殖鱼塘水样、河底底泥、污水底泥为材料,采用富集培养和生理生化试验等方法筛选活性高、稳定性好的菌株用于对淡水养殖环境水体的改善。结果表明:1)筛选获得的红假单胞菌(Rhodop seudanonas palustris)(8号菌株)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)(10号菌株)、外硫红螺菌(Ectothiorhodospirace Pelsh)(12号菌株)和绿硫细菌(Green sulfur bacteria)(9号和11号菌株)5株菌株对养殖水体均有一定改善效果。2)筛选的5株菌株中,10号菌株对水体中硫化物的降解效果较明显(P10=0.046<0.05),降解率达25%;9号、11号和12号菌株对水体中亚硝酸盐的降解效果达显著水平(P9=0.03 2<0.05,P11=0.041<0.05,P12=0.028<0.05),8号和10号菌株的降解效果达极显著水平(P8=0.005 6<0.01,P10=0.002 3<0.01),且最高降解率达81%;8号和9号菌株对废水中有机物(COD)的降解效果达显著水平(P8=0.039<0.05,P9=0.041<0.05),10号和11号菌株的降解效果达极显著水平(P10=0.001 9<0.01,P11=0.002 1<0.01),最高降解率达83%。因此,10号菌株对水质的综合改善效果最好。

Strains with higher purification activity and good stability were screened and identified by enrichment culture and physiology-biochemical tests to raise economic benefit in freshwater aquaculture. Five strains are No.8 （Rhodop seudanonas palustris ）,No.10 （Bacillus subtilis ）, No.12 （Ectothiorhodospirace Pelsh）, No,9 （Green sulfur bacteria ） and No.11 （Green sulfur bacteria ） respectively.The degradation rate of No.10 strain to sulfide was 25% （P 10 = 0.046 ＆lt; 0.05 ）.The degradation effect of No.9,No.11 and No.12 strains to nitrite reached the significant level（P 9 =0.032＆lt;0.05,P11 =0.041 ＆lt;0.05,P 12 =0.028＆lt;0.05 =.The gradation rate of No.8 and No.10 strains to nitrite was up to 81%,which reached at very significant level（P 8 =0.005 6＆lt;0.01 and P 10 =0.002 3＆lt;0.01）. The degradation effect of No.8 and No.9 strains and No.10,and No.11 strains to COD reached the significant level and very significant level respectively. In conclusion, No.10 strain is of the best comprehensive purification effect in freshwater aquaculture.