不同树种叶片非结构性碳水化合物季节动态比较

Seasonal Dynamics of Leaf Nonstructural Carbohydrate Content in Four Temperate Tree Species

以红皮云杉（Picea koraiensis）、落叶松（Larix gmelinii）、黄波椤（Phellodendron amurense）和水曲柳（Fraxinus mandshurica）人工纯林为研究对象．于生长季每月初测定其当年生叶和1年生叶（红皮云杉）可溶性糖、淀粉和总非结构性碳水化合物质量分数，研究树种和叶龄对叶片非结构性碳水化合物及其组分的影响。结果表明：红皮云杉与其他树种非结构性碳水化合物及其组分的季节动态有明显的不同。各树种不同月份叶片可溶性糖波动均较大（1．0％～95．5％），但是除红皮云杉外，其余树种淀粉变化相对较小（2．7％～30．5％）；叶片总非结构性碳水化合物质量分数与淀粉的季节动态相似．黄波椤叶片总非结构性碳水化合物与可溶性糖和淀粉相关性均不显著。而其他树种和叶龄叶片与淀粉显著正相关：树种对叶片总非结构性碳水化合物、可溶性糖和淀粉质量分数影响均显著，月份仅对可溶性糖质量分数影响显著（P=0．017），树种和月份的交互作用对可溶性糖和淀粉影响显著；不同叶龄红皮云杉叶片非结构性碳水化合物及其组分季节动态有明显差异，其中除10月份外1年生叶可溶性糖质量分数均高于当年生叶。

To determine the effect of tree species and leaf age on the seasonal dynamics of leaf soluble sugar, starch and total nonstmctural carbohydrate, we quantified nonstructural carbohydrate and its component concentrations monthly of current- year leaf （needle） of Picea koraiensis , Larix gmelinii , Fraxinus mandshurica , Phellodendron amurense , and one-year-old needle of P. koraiensis in pure plantation during one growing season. There is large discrepancy in the seasonal pattern of nonstructural carbohydrate between P. koraiensis and other tree species. There is large variation in monthly soluble sugar content （1.0%-95.5% ） , but small in starch content （2.7%-30.5% ） except for P. koraiensis. The seasonal dynamic of the total nonstructural carbohydrate content across tree species is similar to starch. Total leaf nonstructural carbohydrate content has no correlation with soluble sugar and starch in P. amurense （P〉O. 05）, but positive correlation with starch in the other tree species （P〈0.05）. By two-way ANOVA, tree species significantly affects the contents of total nonstructural carbohydrate, soluble sugar and starch （P〈0.05）, but sampling time only significantly influences the soluble sugar con- tent （P=0. 017）, and their interaction has markedly influence on soluble sugar and starch concentration （P〈0.05）. There is distinct difference in the seasonal dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrate and its components between current-year and one-year-old needle of P. koraiensis, and one-year-old needle always has larger soluble sugar content than that in cur- rent-year needle except in October.