基于理论与价值本源的中国协商民主理路透析——兼与李景治先生商榷

Logical Analysis of Chinese Deliberative Democracy Based on the Origin of Theory and Values——Deliberated with Li Jingzhi

任何一种理论范式和实践模式的时代呈现,都有其特定的内涵约定和外延限定。协商民主研究西方先于我国,我们只有坚持"打通—交流—构建"的研究致向,才能真正构建具有中国特色的政治学话语体系,才能增强中国民主政治的世界认同感。为此,在全面把握协商民主的道德价值诉求的基础上,准确剖析协商民主的基本内涵,有利于理解协商民主与中国政治协商制度的差异、梳理协商民主与竞争民主的共存互动关系,克服理论研究的"泛协商民主化"和"意识形态化";系统阐释协商民主的主体构成及其特征,有利于拓展协商主体范围,彰显"人民民主"国家性质,构建协商民主主体平等关系,实现协商主体的纵向关系与横向关系的交叉和统一,避免协商主体的"精英化"和"权力化";理性分析协商民主的实践范围和路径优化,有利于把握中国协商民主实践的切入点和关键点,探寻中国协商民主实践的"本土化"。

Any kind of presentation of theoretical paradigm and practice mode has it＇s own special connotation and extension. The study of the deliberative democracy in western countries preceded that of China. Only by insisting on the study orientation ＂Opening-Communicating-Building＂, can we truly build political discourse system with Chinese characteristics and enhance the world identity of Chinese Democracy Politics. Therefore, accurately analyzing the basic connotation of the deliberative democracy, on the basis of comprehensively grasping the universal moral values of deliberative democracy, is helpful for understanding the differences between deliberative democracy and Chinese political consultation system, sorting out the relationship of coexistence and interaction between deliberative democracy and competitive democracy, and overcoming the＂ pan-deliberative democratization＂ and ＂ideologicalization＂ of theoretical research; Systematic explanation of the deliberative democracy structure and its characteristics is beneficial for expanding the scope of deliberative subject, highlighting the national nature of ＂people＇s democracy＂, building the equal relationships of the subject of deliberative democracy, achieving the overlap and unity between vertical and horizontal relations of the subject of deliberative democracy, and avoiding the ＂elitism＂ and ＂authoritarianism＂ of deliberative democracy; Rational analysis of the practical scope and route optimization of deliberative democracy, is helpful for grasping the breakthrough point and the key point of the practice of Chinese deliberative democracy and exploring the ＂localization＂ of path of Chinese deliberative democracy practice.