历史唯物主义视界中的空间政治思想——对《1857-1858年经济学手稿》的政治哲学解读

Spatial Political Thought in the Historical Materialism Vision——Political Philosophy Interpretation of the "1857-1858 Manuscript of Economics"

究其实质,马克思主义就是一种关于如何通过阶级(政治)斗争实现人类解放的政治哲学。就此而论,《1857-1858年手稿》不仅是马克思成熟时期研究经济学的手稿,而且是表征着马克思政治哲学又一新高度的标志性文本。在此文本中,马克思阐明"社会个人"不仅是历史性与社会性的存在,而且是空间性的存在,个人的解放必须经历"地域性的个人"向"世界历史的个人"变迁的空间化过程,才能最终实现向"自由自觉联合的个人"转变。马克思对交往过程空间变迁背后深层资本逻辑的解蔽,展示了其政治哲学鲜明的政治经济学批判路径,它警示我们在全球资本主义语境中无论是对资本展开空间批判,还是重新讨论阶级斗争、解放政治等政治哲学问题都必须面对现实历史的空间实践,不能走出历史唯物主义的视界,而陷入"空间决定论"或"空间拜物教"。

In essence, Marxism is a kind of political philosophy on how to achieve the realization of human liberation through the class （political） struggle. Therefore, the ＂57-58＂ manuscript is not only the Marx＇s economical manuscripts in his mature period, but also a kind of text which symbolize another height of Marx＇s political philosophy. In this text, Marx stated that ＂social person＂ is ont only the existence of history and society, but also the existence of space. The individual liberation must experience a process of the spacial transition from ＂ regional individual ＂ to ＂world- historical individual＂, which in order to realize the transformation for individual of jointing to freedom and consciousness. Marx＇s interpretation of the deep capital logic which behind the spatial transition of interaction demonstrated distinct political economics critical path in his political philosophy thought. It warns that we must face the spacial practice of reality history whether you expand critique for capital or discuss political issues such as the class struggle, emancipatory politics in the context , and not out of the historical materialism of the horizon and not in the ＂spatial determinism＂ or ＂space fetishism＂.