卢梭“三段论自由”所对应的主体及其与自主的关系

The Relationship between the Subjects Corresponding with Rousseau 's Three Thoughts of Liberty and the Independence

自然自由、政治自由和道德自由是卢梭完整而又呈现出阶梯式上升的自由观,这三种自由观所对应的主体依次为自然人、公民和哲人。随着这三种自由的阶梯式上升,这三种主体所呈现的自主选择范围在不断缩小,自主选择的程度却在不断上升,因此,也可以将这个过程称之为一个人不断地从自在到自为的过程。

Natural liberty, political liberty and moral liberty jointly form Rousseau thought on liberty with integrity and gradual ascension in connotation, and the subjects of these three thoughts of liberty are natural persons, citizens and philosophers respectively. However, in correspondence with the ascending connotations, the extensions of inde- pendent selection are on the decline, whereas the degrees of independent selection are rising. In this sense, this is also a process in which one＇ s independence is transmitted constantly from unrestrained to self-awared one.