设施葡萄上蓟马种群消长规律和空间分布

Population fluctuation and spatial distribution of the thrips on grapes in protective facilities

为摸清宁夏设施葡萄上蓟马种群消长规律和空间分布,于2011年进行了调查研究。从各项聚集度指标、空间分布型适合度卡方(χ2)检验及单因素随机区组设计分析看,蓟马在设施葡萄上均呈聚集分布,棚内北、南间差异极显著,虫口分布具有北侧聚集的特点。以虫态来说,在整个葡萄生育期除3月下旬一次大量孵化时期以若虫为害为主外,其他时期均以成虫为害为主,尤其在种群稳定阶段,3月17日左右成虫虫口数量达到高峰,若虫也在3月24日左右急剧增加达到高峰;4月初之后若虫消退,以少量成虫为害。从虫口量比例看,蓟马种群的空间分布,呈现出在大棚北侧、中上层居多的特点。

Population fluctuation and spatial distribution of the thrips on grapes in protective facilities was investigated in Ningxia in 2011.From various aggregation indices,chi-square test of spatial distribution pattern and onefactor randomized block design analysis,the thrips showed aggregated distribution on grapes in facilities,showing significant difference between the south and the north in the greenhouse,and insect distribution characteristics was aggregated in the northern side of the greenhouse.The adults caused damage throughout grape growing period,except that,in late March,a large number of hatched nymphs caused harm.The adult population reached its peak around March 17 and nymphs dramatically increased and reached its peak at March 24.Nymph population subsided in early April,and a small number of adults caused harm.According to the proportion of population quantity,the thrips were mainly distributed in the upper north side in the greenhouses.