双齿锤角叶蜂生物学特性及药剂防治

Biological characteristics of Odontocimbex svenhedini and its chemical control

双齿锤角叶蜂（Odontocimbex svenhedini Malaise）是近年发生于甘肃天水刺五加（Acanthopanax senticosus）的一种食叶新害虫,其寄主刺五加是首次报道.该虫1年发生1代,翌年4月上旬越冬预蛹开始化蛹,4月中旬成虫羽化,下旬开始产卵,卵产于叶背面或正面主脉周围叶表皮下,卵期9～11 d;幼虫食叶为害,共5龄,6月上旬至7月中旬为猖獗为害期,6月下旬幼虫开始老熟,老熟幼虫于寄主或周围非寄主植物枝条结茧越夏越冬.5月中下旬3龄前幼虫期,用25％灭幼脲悬浮剂1 500倍液,防效达95％以上.用3％高渗苯氧威乳油或1.8％阿维菌素乳油5 000倍液,防治3龄后幼虫,防效达92 ％以上.

Odontocimbex svenhedini Malaise is a new leaf-eating pest on Acanthopanax senticosus in Tianshui,Gansu Province.It is the first time that A.senticosus was reported as a host.This insect had one generation per year; the overwintering prepupae began to pupate in early April the second year.The adults emerged in mid-April and laid eggs in late April.Eggs were laid on the back of the leaves or in epidermis around main veins.The egg stage lasted for 9-11 days; the larvae ate leaves,with 5 instar,and serious harm came from early June to mid-July.In late June,larvae start to become mature,and the fully grown larvae oversummered and overwintered by producing cocoon in the branches of host or the surrounding non-host plants.In mid-and late May,the control effect of the larvae prior to 3rd instar treated,with 25％ chlorbenzuron suspension 1 500 × dilution was above 95％.3％ fenoxycarb EC or 1.8％ abamectin EC 5 000 × dilution achieved a control effect of more than 92％ for the larvae after 3rd instar.