不同嫁接方式对西瓜枯萎病防效以及产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Grafting Methods on Fusarium Wilt Control Efficiency, Yield and Quality of Watermelon

在西瓜枯萎病发生严重的土壤上，以台湾农友小兰为接穗、本地长颈葫芦为砧木，探讨了不同嫁接方式对西瓜枯萎病防效以及产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明，与西瓜自根苗比，采用断根嫁接法或是双断根嫁接法，西瓜苗根系发达，定植后发棵快，生长旺盛，光合速率增强；枯萎病发病率低，防效达82.6%~86.2%；西瓜667 m2产量2673~2925 kg，增产44.5%～58.2%，差异达显著水平；可溶性糖含量达11.2%~11.8%，提高了9.8%~15.6%，其中双断根嫁接法效果更为突出。

We studied the effects of two grafting methods against control efficiency of fusarium wilt and watermelon yield and quality, by using Xiaolan from Taiwan Known You Seed Co., Ltd. as scion and the local long-necked gourd as rootstock, and the comparative test was carried out on the soil with watermelon wilt occurred seriously. The results showed that, compared with the self-rooted seedlings, the grafted watermelon seedlings had well-developed root system and grew well with their photosynthetic rates increased. And their incidences of fusarium wilt were decreased, with the control efficiency of 82.6%-86.2%. The yields of grafted seedlings were 2 673-2 925 kg/667 m2, which were significantly increased by 44.5%-58.2%, and the soluble sugar contents of grafted seedlings were 11.2%-11.8%, which were increased by 9.8%-15.6%. In addition, the double-root-cutting grafting method was better than root-cutting grafting method.