几种无需测距定位算法定位性能仿真研究

Simulation Study on Localization Performance of Several Range-Free Localization Algorithms

研究质心算法、APIT算法、DV-Hop算法以及Amorphous算法优化问题。上述算法均为无线传感网络中典型的无需测距定位算法。针对这几种算法在不同参数设置时定位精度存在较大差异的问题,分别仿真并分析了对定位误差具有较大影响的重要参数,如锚节点个数、网络平均连通度及监测区域等。由于无线传感器网络能量及成本具有相对的限制,通过仿真结果分析得出,对以上各种算法的定位精度起主导作用的参数为锚节点个数和网络平均连通度。理论分析与仿真结果表明,在确保以上算法低能量消耗的基础上,不同监测区域内,参数优化后能有效地降低节点的定位误差。

Centroid algorithm, APIT algorithm, DV Hop algorithm and amorphous algorithm are four typical range free localization algorithms in wireless networks. On the observation that localization accuracies are different when different parameters are applied in these algorithms respectively, some simulation study and analyses were car ried out to identify several parameters which are important to the localization accuracy, such as the number of anchor nodes, the average network connectivity and monitoring areas. Considering the facts that wireless sensor network en ergy and costs are constrained, theoretical analysis and simulation results show that parameter optimization can effec tively reduce the localization error of the nodes in different monitoring areas, while ensuring low energy consumption for the above algorithms.