语义三域的机制思考:隐喻还是转喻?

The Mechanism of Three-domain Theory: Metaphorical or Metonymic?

从行域到知域再到言域的语义演变通常被认为是隐喻机制在起作用,这与语义演变的渐进性相矛盾,转喻也是三域语义演变的重要机制。语义演变既依赖语用推理中隐含义对字面义的替代,也保持语义关系上的相似性。从行域到知域再到言域的演变过程背后的语用推导是一种邻接关系的替代,整个过程就是在相似性基础上通过邻接替代来实现语义演变,是隐喻机制和转喻机制共同作用的结果。

It is widely noted that it is the operation of metaphorical mechanism that enables semantic change from content domain to epistemic domain and then to speech-act domain.This explanation is at odds with the gradualness of semantic change and it is demonstrated in this paper that metonymic mechanism also plays a vital role in this process.Semantic change relies on the replacement of literal meaning by the implica- ture in pragmatic inference on the one hand,and on semantic similarity on the other.The pragmatic inference underlying three domain mappings is based on contiguity and the general process is a similarity-and contigui- ty-based semantic evolution,showing the complex interplay of both metaphoric and metonymie mechanisms.