灵活就业对健康的影响:基于农民工的实证分析

Analysis of the Impact of Flexible Employment on the Health of Migrant Workers

灵活就业是我国当前重要的就业形式之一,也引发许多社会问题。为分析这一就业模式对健康的影响,以农民工作为研究对象,运用多元Logistic回归模型进行实证分析,发现灵活就业方式、灵活就业程度等对健康有重要影响。自我经营者与从事领薪工作的人自评健康状况均低于不领工资的家庭帮工,其比数比分别为0.674与0.649;长期工与合同工的自评健康状况好于无合同人员,其比数比分别为1.925与1.482;超时工作者的自评健康状况明显低于非超时劳动者,其健康风险是后者的1.8倍。基于此提出,为保护农民工的健康权益,政府应采取措施,通过进一步保护农民工的就业环境、加强劳动市场监管、改善劳动保护措施,以消除灵活就业所造成的不良健康效应。

T he flexible employment is one of the important forms of employment in our country at present ,and migrant workers are the largest part of flexible employment .Taking the migrant workers as the main research object ,the author analyzes the health effects of various flexible forms of employment . The study found that the nature of the work ,the contract types and working time associated with flexible employment have important influence on their self-rated health .The self-rated health of self-employed and paid migrant workers were both lower than those of unpaid family workers ,and the odds ratios were 0 .674 and 0 .649 ;the self-rated health of permanent workers and contract workers was better than no contract workers ,and the odds ratios were 1 .925 and 1 .482 ;the self-assessment health of overtime workers was lower than non-overtime workers ,and the health risk is 1 .8 times the latter .Therefore ,we should protect employment environment ,strengthen labor market supervision ,improve the labor protection measures , and eliminate the adverse health effects caused by flexible employment .