小尺度土壤盐分及养分空间变异特征分析——以艾比湖湿地博,精河下游为例

Spatial Distribution Characteristics Analysis of Soil Salinity and Nutrition——lower reaches of the Bo,Jinghe river

文章以新疆博，精河流域下游小尺度区域为研究对象，利用2011年该区域土壤STS（土壤总盐含量）、SMC（土壤水分含量）、pH 和SOM （有机质含量）数据，采用描述性统计法、地统计学方法和空间分析法，讨论研究区土壤盐分、水分、pH、有机质的分布特征，并初步探讨其影响因素。结果表明；土壤盐分与土壤水分含量值属于中等变异程度，变异系数分别为906．1％和658．2％，p H 值属于弱变异程度，变异系数为26．9％，有机质含量属于强变异程度，变异系数为1532．3％。研究区的空间变异比率范围在616．～958．％之间，其中土壤盐分含量属于中等空间相关性，土壤水分含量、有机质含量和p H 值均属于弱空间相关性。空间分布上土壤盐分含量的分布呈中间高于周围的分布趋势，水分含量西南高于东北，pH值的空间分布基本上均匀，精河区域的比博河区域较高一点，有机质含量呈中间高于周围，西南部高于东北的分布趋势。土壤盐分含量与水分，有机质含量呈显著正相关，尤其是与有机质呈强相关性，土壤水分含量与有机质呈显著正相关，pH与盐分、水分、有机质含量呈负相关，尤其是与土壤盐分呈显著非相关。

This study based on small -scale makes the bo ,jinghe river downstream its research object , using the data of STS （soil total salinity） ,SMC （soil moisture content） ,pH and SOM （soil organic mat-ter） by the method of descriptive statistics ,geo -statistics and spatial analysis ,discuss the distribution characteristics of soil salinity ,moisture , pH and organic matter in the study area , , and preliminary discuss its influence factors .The results showed that soil salinity and soil moisture belongs to medium vari-ation ,coefficient of variation were 90 6.1% and 65 8.2% respectively.pH value belongs to weak variation de-gree ,the coefficient of variation is 2 6.9% .soil organic matter belongs to strong variation degree ,coeffi-cient of variation was 153 2.3% .the ratio of spatial variability in the Study area is in range of 61 6. ~ 95 . 8% ,the STS （soil total salinity ） belongs to moderate spatial correlation ,SMC （soil moisture content ） , pH and SOM （soil organic matter） belong to weak spatial correlation .According to The distribution map , spatial distribution of soil salinity trends of central place higher than surrounding .spatial distribution of soil moisture trend of southwest higher than northeast ,spatial distribution of pH value basically well -distributed ,Jinghe area is slightly higher than Bohe.spatial distribution of soil organic matter trend of central place higher than the surrounding and Southwest than northeast .soil salinity positively correlated with soil moisture and organic matter ,especially strongly correlated with organic matter .soil moisture had significant positive correlation with organic matter .pH negatively correlated with soil salinity ,mois-ture and organic matter ,especially significantly negative correlated with soil salinity .