羽衣甘蓝花青素合成途径结构基因的表达特性

Expression Features of the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Structural Genes in Kale

羽衣甘蓝红鸽属十字花科云薹属,因其中心部分累积了大量的花青素而呈现深紫色。为了研究其花青素生物合成的机理,以圆叶羽衣甘蓝红鸽系列和白鸽系列为试验材料,通过半定量RT-PCR方法研究了花青素合成代谢途径结构基因的表达特性。结果表明,除苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)和查尔酮合成酶(CHS)在红鸽和白鸽系列中的表达水平基本一致外,其他结构基因在红鸽中的表达水平要明显高于白鸽,尤其二氢黄酮醇还原酶(DFR)和花青素合成酶(ANS),在红鸽中的表达水平显著强于白鸽;红鸽幼叶和老叶中花青素生物合成结构基因的表达水平趋于一致。另外,为了研究温度对羽衣甘蓝花青素合成的影响,通过半定量RT-PCR方法检测了室温和低温环境下生长的红鸽幼叶花青素合成结构基因的表达。结果显示,低温可以诱导CHS,黄烷酮-3-羟化酶(F3H),DFR,ANS,类黄酮-葡萄糖基转移酶(UFGT)基因的过量表达,使羽衣甘蓝红鸽经历低温后,植株中积累大量的花青素而呈现深紫色。

＂Red Dove＂ is a mutation in kales, which accumulates a large number of anthocyanins in its interior giving the phynotype of briliant purple color. We compared the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic structural genes in ＂Red Dove＂ and ＂White Dove＂. The results showed that except PAL and CHS, nearly all the anthocyanin biosythesic genes showed higher expression levels in ＂Red Dove＂ than in ＂White Dove＂, especially for the DFR and ANS. In addition, the anthocyanin accumulation in ＂Red Dove＂ could be strongly induced by the low temperature . The expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes CHS, F3H, DFR, ANS and UFGT were all enhanced under low temperature, leading to the pigmentation in the ＂Red Dove＂.