凡口铅锌矿人工湿地重金属分布特征研究

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Fankou Lead-zinc Mine Constructed Wetland System

研究了凡口铅锌矿人工湿地处理系统中水体和沉积物重金属(Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd和Mn)的含量及分布特征。结果表明:人工湿地系统对矿山重金属废水有良好的处理效果。湿地系统水体中重金属Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd都主要以悬浮态存在,Mn的存在形式比较复杂,5种重金属的总量沿流程均呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势。沉积物中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd和Mn的总量与水平沿程均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。湿地沉积物中重金属的主要存在形态为残渣态,其次为铁锰氧化物态和有机结合态。沉积物pH值和有机质含量都随着沿流程而逐渐降低,沉积物pH和有机质含量与重金属含量一定的相关性。

The content and distribution characteristics of heavy metal from water and sediment of Fankou lead - zinc mine constructed wetland were studied. The results showed that constructed wetland had a good treatment result to heavy metal waste water from mine. In the wetland water the heavy metal existed mainly in suspended fraction except Mn. As the increase of horizontal distance, total content of five heavy metals in water firstly increased and then decreased. Total content of five heavy metals in sediment showed very significant negative correlation with horizontal distance（ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Heavy metal existed mainly in residue fraction in sediment, followed by Fe -Mn oxidation fraction and organic combination fraction. Along the process, the pH and organic matter content of sediment was decreased. In sediment, the pH and organic matter content and heavy metal had correlation.