播种期和种植密度对镇麦168产量与品质的影响

Effects of Sowing Date and Planting Density on Yield and Quality of Wheat Variety Zhenmai 168

为了探明小麦产量与品质协同提高的最佳播种时期和种植密度，制定合理的栽培措施，为实现高产、优质提供理论依据，选用红皮高产强筋小麦品种镇麦168为试验材料，在大田条件下设置3个播种期（10月20日、10月30日、11月15日）和4个种植密度（180、225、270、330万苗／hm^2），于2010～2012年研究了播种期和种植密度对镇麦168籽粒产量与品质的影响。结果表明：镇麦168的籽粒产量以适期（10月30日）播种最高，分别比早播和迟播增产显著；当种植密度为270万苗／hm^2时，籽粒产量达最大值。镇麦168的穗数随播种期的推迟而下降，但随种植密度的增加而增加；穗粒数和千粒重均以适期播种最高，但随种植密度的增加而降低。推迟播种期可显著提高镇麦168籽粒蛋白质和湿面筋含量，籽粒蛋白质和湿面筋含量随种植密度的增加呈先下降后升高的趋势，面团形成时间和稳定时间随种植密度的增加而缩短。

In order to explore the best sowing date and planting density for the coordinated improvement of wheat yield and quality, to formulate reasonable wheat cultivation measures, and to provide theoretical basis for the high - yielding and good - quali- ty cultivation of wheat, the author studied the effects of different sowing dates （October 20th, October 30th, November 15th） and planting densities （1800000, 2250000, 2700000, 3300000 seedlings per hectare） on the grain yield and quality of wheat variety Zhenmai 168 in the field during 2010 ～2012. The results indicated that the grain yield of Zhenmai 168 sown on October 30th was the highest, being significantly higher than that of Zhenmai 168 sown on October 20th or on November 15th. When planting density was 2700000 seedlings per hectare, the grain yield reached the maximum value. The spike number of Zhenmai 168 decreased with the delay of sowing date, but increased with the increase in planting density. The grain number per spike and 1000 -grain weight of Zhenmai 168 sown on October 30th were the highest, but they reduced with the increase in planting density. The contents of protein and wet gluten in the grains of Zhenmai 168 were significantly increased with the postponing of sowing date, and they declined first and then rose when planting density increased. The formation time and stability time of paste shortened as planting density in- creased.