4种槭树种子特征及播种技术研究

Research on Seed Characteristics and Sowing Technology of Four Species in Acer

观测了4种槭树(红翅槭、紫果槭、长柄紫果槭、岭南槭)种子的形态特征,开展了种子贮藏和发芽试验。结果表明:红翅槭的种子最大,紫果槭的种子最小;红翅槭的千粒重最大,紫果槭的最小;紫果槭的有仁率最高,长柄紫果槭的最低;4个槭树品种的种子均具有休眠习性,采用自然低温湿沙贮藏或低温湿沙贮藏的方法可以解除其休眠习性,从而提高种子的发芽率;采用托盘育苗法的4个槭树品种的种子发芽率均显著高于采用常规播种法的。

We observed the morphological characteristics of seeds of 4 species in Acer （Acer cordatum, Acer cordatum var. sub- trinervium, Acer tutcheri Duthie, and Acer fabri Hance）, and carried out tests for their seed storage and germination. The results showed that the seed size of Acerfabri was the largest, while that of Acer cordatum was the smallest. Acerfabri had the largest 1000 - grain weight, while Acer cordatum had the smallest 1000 - grain weight. The ratio of kernel to seed ofAcer cordatum was the high- est, but that of Acer cordatum var. subtrinervium was the lowest. The seeds of four species in Acer had the habits of dormancy, using the method of natural chilling wet - sand storage or chilling wet - sand storage could relieve their seed dormancy, and improve the germination rate of seeds. As for four species in Acer, the method of seedling - cultivating on plastic - tray in greenhouse obtained significantly higher seed germination rate than the conventional seeding method.