我国妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置公平性分析——基于Lorenz曲线和Gini系数的视角

Analysis on Equity of Human Resources on Women and Children Health Service in China———Based on Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve

目的旨在采用相关经济学指标,对全国妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源配置按人口分布的公平性进行分析。方法通过查阅《中国卫生统计年鉴》及《中国统计年鉴》等资料,对比分析2007年和2010年我国东中西部妇幼保健机构人力资源资源配置情况;采用基尼系数和洛伦茨曲线指标,分析妇幼保健人力资源按人口分布的公平性,并对2005和2010年的人员结构进行对比分析。结果在人口配置上,东中部地区妇幼保健人力资源总量及每万人口拥有量均有增长;妇幼保健机构人力资源按人口分布的基尼系数均在0.4的警戒线以内,其中卫生技术人员最低;妇幼保健人员年龄集中于45岁以下;学历结构改善幅度不大,本科以下比例占50%以上;职称结构欠合理,中高级职称人员比例较低。结论妇幼保健机构卫生人力资源分布相对均衡,人员结构仍需改善。在加强妇幼保健工作过程中要继续保持人力资源配置的公平性和可及性。

OBJECTIVE To analyze and evaluate the equity of human resources on women and children health service in China according to population distribution with economics indicators. METHODS The data was obtained from China Health Statistical Yearbooks. Comparative analysis between the eastern, central and western human resources on women and children health service in 2007 and 2010 was made. Its equity was evaluated with Lorenz Curves and Gini Coefficient. We also make a comparative analysis of human resources on women and children health service in 2005 and 2010. RESULTS The number of human resources on women and children and the number of per ten thousands population were all increasing; The Gini Coefficient of human resources on women and children according to population distribution was less than 0.4, The equity of medical personnel is the best among three, the age of professionals was mainly below 45 years old. The percent of professionals with college diploma and below is high and the structure is not reasonable. CONCLUSION The allocation of human resources on women and children health service is in balancing. It still needs some optimal adjustments. In the system construction process of human resources on women and children health service, the equity and availability of allocation still need more continued attention.