2010—2012年北京市城区与郊区中学生体质健康评价分析

Evaluation on Physical Health of Junior Students in Urban and Suburban Areas of Beijing from 2010 to 2012

目的了解北京市城区与郊区初中毕业生的体质健康状况,并分析其是否存在差异。方法采用Ridit分析法和模糊数学法,对北京市城区与郊区初中毕业生身体形态、生理机能和健康缺陷3项指标及综合指标进行分析,比较2010—2012年城区与郊区初中毕业生体质健康状况。结果身体形态方面:2010年男女生城区组均优于郊区组(P<0.05),2011年和2012年男女生城区组与郊区组之间差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05);生理机能方面:2010—2012年男女生城区组均优于郊区组(P<0.05);健康缺陷方面:2010—2012年男生城区组劣于郊区组(P<0.05),2010年女生城区组劣于郊区组(P<0.05),2011年和2012年女生城区组与郊区组差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。采用综合指标评价和模糊数学法分析发现,2010—2012年男生城区组综合健康状况劣于郊区组(P<0.05),女生城区组综合健康状况优于郊区组(P<0.05)。结论北京市初中毕业生在身体形态、生理机能和健康缺陷三项指标及综合指标方面,城区与郊区男女生分别存在不同程度的差异。应针对不同区域学生的各项体质健康指标进行有侧重的关注,以全面提升北京市中学生体质健康状况。

OBJECTIVE To investigate physical health status of the junior students in urban and suburban areas of Beijing and determine whether there are differences among them. METHODS Evaluation and comparison in physical health status, which is concerning body shape index, physical function index and health defects indicator, are carried out by using the ridit analysis and fuzzy mathematics method. Junior students in Beijing lived in urban and suburban areas from 2010 to 2012 are sampled. RESULTS In the aspect of body shape index, the urban group is superior to the suburban group（P〈0.05）for both boys and girls in 2010, while it tends to be of no evident statistical significance（P〉0.05）for boys and girls lived in urban and suburban areas both in 2011 and 2012. In the aspect of physical function index, the urban groups are superior to the suburban groups（P〈0.05） for both boys and girls from 2010 to 2012. In the aspect of health defects indicator, the urban groups are inferior to the suburban groups（P〈0.05） for boys from 2010 to 2012 and the urban group is inferior to the suburban group（P〈0.05） for girls in 2010. No evident statistical signitlcance（P〉0.05） for girls lived in urban and suburban areas both in 2011 and 2012 are observed in health defects indicator. From 2010 to 2012, a consistent conclusion is drawed by using comprehensive index evaluation and fuzzy mathematics method that the urban groups＇ comprehensive health status are inferior to the suburban groups（P〈0.05） for boys and the urban groups are superior to the suburban groups （P〈0.05） for girls. CONCLUSIONS Various extent of differences in the aspects of body shape index, physical function index and health defects indicator as well as comprehensive index are found for both boys and girls lived in urban and suburban areas in Beijing. Attention should be focused to the physical health indices of boys and girls lived in different areas to promote the condition of junior students in Beijing.