黄河三角洲地区生态安全预警测度及时空格局

The Measure of Ecological Security Early Warning and the Temporal and Spatial Pattern in Yellow River Delta

随着黄三角地区的生态环境不断恶化,生态问题日益成为政府、学者与公众关注的焦点。以黄三角为例,采用PSR模型构建黄三角生态安全预警指标体系,运用熵值法对黄三角生态安全预警进行分析,得到以下三个结论:①2005—2010年,黄三角地区的生态环境得到了逐步改善,2010年各县市的生态安全预警值大于2005年的生态安全预警值;②2010年黄三角大部分地区的生态安全预警等级仍处在第Ⅲ等级,生态安全形势不容乐观。③黄三角东部地区的生态环境整体上要优于中西部地区的生态环境,生态环境最差的区域集中在东营和滨州两市。研究认为,转变经济发展模式、生态修复与补偿、差别化区域空间管制等是改善黄三角生态环境的必要措施。

Ecological security is important for human health, natural resources, and socio-economical development. With the aggravation of environmental pollution,ecological problem in Yellow River Delta area had become the focus of atten- tion. In this paper, as the Yellow River Delta for an example, the PSR model was used to construct the warning index sys- tem of Yellow River Delta. The paper carried on analysis to the Yellow River Delta ecological security early warning by entropy method. Three conclusions were as follows. Firstly, during the period of 2005 - 2010, the ecological environment of Yellow River Delta has been improved gradually,and the value of ecological security early warning value in 2010 was bigger than the one in 2005. Secondly, although ecological environment has been improved, the ecological security level in most areas of Yellow River Delta in 2010 was still in the third grade. Ecological security was not optimistic. Lastly, ec- ological environment in eastern area of Yellow River Delta was better than the one o.f the central and western area. The ar- eas of the worst ecological environment basically concentrated in Dongying city and Binzhou city. The transformation of economic development mode, ecological restoration and compensation, the difference of regional spatial control are the necessary measures to improve the ecological environment of Yellow River delta.