摘要
在沿海城市的水道上已经增加了许多的城市结构,而且以后这种城市结构可能会越来越多。在全世界的海港码头上,最普通的结构就是立桩、悬浮码头和海岸护堤。它们可能是用不同的材料建造的,许多材料对于海洋环境来说是外来的。尽管这类城市结构的数量在不断增加,但关于它们对海洋生物影响的研究却鲜见报道。本文对此进行了较为详细的研究,以判断各种类型的潮下带(subtidal)生物体能否在不同的城市结构和天然岩石礁上生活。研究结果表明,位于海港和河口地方的许多城市结构,对于生物体来说都是新的生境,与天然岩石礁有着明显的不同。今后还需要进行更大量的研究,以便更好地了解在海洋环境中增加新生境的可能后果。
Large numbers of urban structures have been added to the waterways around coastal cities and many more are likely to be added in the future. Some of the most common structures seen in harbors around the world are pier pilings, pontoons, and retaining walls. These may be constructed from a variety of materials, many of which are foreign to the marine environment. Despite the proliferation of urban structures around coastal cities, there has been surprisingly little research on the effects they may have on marine biota. In this paper we present details of studies which tested whether different types of subtidal organisms grew on different urban structures and natural rocky reefs. The results indicate that many urban structures in harbors and estuaries may be considered novel habitats, quite distinct from natural rocky reefs. A great deal more research is needed to understand fully the consequences of adding new habitats to the marine environment.
