公理化方法推动自然科学与社会科学发展述评

A Review of the Application of Axiomatic Approach to Promoting Both Natural and Social Sciences

公理化方法是人类认识和改造客观世界的方法论,现代自然科学与人文社会科学的发展带有公理化的特征,恰当的理解和运用公理化方法,是解决改革与发展过程中所面临的各种复杂问题的重要途径。公理化方法是从拟研究的理论中提取一些基本概念和命题,作为最原始的公理,然后按照逻辑规则演绎出一系列其他相关的概念和命题,进而形成科学理论的公理系统或公理体系。公理化方法起源于古希腊,该方法在自然科学与人文社会科学领域中得到了广泛应用,在认识和改造客观世界中发挥了重要作用。

The axiomatic approach, as methodology people employ to understand and reform the objective world, shows its features in the development of modem natural sciences and humanities and social sciences. Correctly understanding and applying it is an important path to solving a variety of complex problems people are confronted with in reform and development. The axiomatic approach is designed to extract basic concepts and propositions from the theories for research as the most primitive axiom, deduce a series of other concepts and propositions and finally form a scientific axiom system. The axiomatic method, with ancient Greece as origin, has been widely applied in natural sciences and humanities ＆ social sciences and played an important role in people understanding and changing the objective world.