基于二元经济转型的农村金融反贫困路径分析

Anti-poverty approach of rural finance based on dual economy in transition

通过"经济增长-反贫困效应形成"的逻辑结构把反贫困与解决收入差距问题结合起来,分析了涓滴效应、微型金融的局限性和农村金融内生观的理论渊源,并基于农村金融的内生性源于转型增长的资源配置要求分析了演化路径。非均衡增长模式的脆弱性使农村金融发展陷入十分必要、又面临巨大逆向压力的矛盾结构,并把疲于应付的农村金融改革推到了一个重要历史拐点。低收入农村地区是金融反贫困的重中之重,应设立以农业、农村开发为主的地区性金融机构。依据后二元经济的新特征,推导出农村金融反贫困的主要发展取向是积极发展以人力资本开发、特色农产品生产等为内容的金融支持和能够支撑农业现代化的合作金融体系。

With the logical structure between anti-poverty and economic growth, this paper, combining anti-poverty issue with income gap, conducts an analysis of the trickle-down effect, the limitation of the micro finance and the theoretical origin of rural financial endogeny. It argues that the endogeny of rural finance is the request of resources allocation under transitional economic growth. The vulnerability of the uneven growth pattern makes the rural finance a contradictory structure, which is necessary but with great reverse pressure, and brings the struggling rural finance reform to an important historical turning point. The low-income area is the focus for financial antipoverty, and regional financial organizations should be set up to concentrate on agriculture and rural development. The paper also analyzes the new traits of the post-dual economic structure and suggests that the main development direction of rural finance is to give financial support to human resources and special agriculture products and to establish a cooperation financial system to support agricultural modernization.