试论经验的教育价值

On the Educational Value of Experience

经验对学生的成长与发展意味着什么?在教育过程中,经验的意义与价值何在?围绕这一主题,论文从"经验与学生知识的习得"、"经验与学生智力的发展"、"经验与学生品格的形成"三个不同的视角,阐述了经验的独特教育价值。论文认为,经验作为一种独特的知识形态,具有某些独特的优良品性;经验是学生求知的重要工具,某些类型知识的获取必须诉诸经验;根据智力发展的基本原理,学生应当有自主探究与发展的学习经验、与原始问题打交道的学习经验;根据品格形成的基本原理,学校应大力加强活动类、实践类德育课程的开发与建设,并致力于沟通学校与生活、学校与社会,实施生活德育。

What significance does the experience has for students＂ growth and development in educational process？ This paper tries to answer this question from three perspectives, namely, what relevance the experience has to the students＂ knowledge acquisition, intellectual development, and character building. The author argues that experience as a result of learning has some unique benefits for the students＂ cognitive development; is a very important tool to seek knowledge, and is essential for some kind of knowledge＇s acquisition. Secondly, the student should have the learning experience of inquiry independently and deal with the original problem according to the basic principles of intellectual development. Thirdly, the school should pay much attention to the development and construction of activity curriculum which is designed for moral education, and also the school should make close connection between the school and the real life or the society in order to implement moral education which is for life, of life and by life.