被歧视体验对HIV/AIDS患者心理健康与不安全性性行为的影响

Impact of perceived stigma of HIV/AIDS patients on mental health and unsafe sexual behavior

目的通过研究HIV／AIDS患者的被歧视体验、心理健康与不安全性性行为，分析被歧视体验对HIV／AIDS患者心理健康与不安全性性行为的影响。方法采用方便抽样，对2012年6～12月来长沙市疾病控制中心进行CD4细胞检测的HIV／AIDS患者进行问卷调查。量表包括：一般资料问卷、性行为问卷、患者健康问卷抑郁量表（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑量表（GAD-7）、AIDS被歧视体验量表。结果HIV／AIDS患者的被歧视体验与焦虑抑郁呈正相关，与不安全性行为无显著相关。结论HIV／AIDS患者的被歧视体验处于中等偏上水平，与焦虑抑郁呈正相关，与不安全性性行为不相关。被歧视体验影响HIV／AIDS患者的焦虑。

[Objective] To describe the stigma perceived by patients with HIV/AIDS, mental health and unsafe sexual behavior, the impact that stigma perceived by people with HIV/AIDS has on mental health and unsafe sexual behavior. [Methods] With convenience sampling, patients with HIV/AIDS were interviewed from July to November in 2012 when they came to CDC to do CD4 test. The questionnaire included： general ques- tionnaire, sexual behavior questionnaire, PHQ- 9, GAD- 7 and Psychometric Assessment of the HIV Stigma Scale. The survey results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 13.0 statistical software. [Results] The total score of perceived stigma and the score of its all dimensions were positively correlated with anxiety and de- pression, but no significant correlated with sexual behavior. [Conclusion] The stigma perceived by patients with HIV/AIDS is above the average level. Perceived stigma has effect on mental health, especially anxiety, but no effect on unsafe sexual behavior.