近古百种韵书-m韵尾消变的历时进程

The diachronic process of changes of the coda -m in 100 kinds of rhyme books of late antiquity

文章通过对元明清108种韵书韵图的全面考察，论证汉语-m韵尾的消变是由方言到通语、由北向南逐步扩展的渐变性进程。其部分消变始见于14世纪初的韵书，全面消变始见于15世纪中的韵书。消变总规律是“北无南有”，具体的韵书又显示了多种差异与变化。明清人对-m尾韵及其变化，有过多方面的论理阐述，值得注意。

With the comprehensive investigation of 108 kinds of rhyme books or rhyme tables,this article demonstrates that the disappearance and change of the coda -m in Chinese is a process of gradual change which extended progressively from north to south and from standard language to dialect.In rhyme books of early 14th century, its incomplete disappearance was recodred and its complete disappearance was recorded in rhyme books of middle 15th century. The whole law of its changes is the south have something, but the north don＇t have, while there exists a variety of differences and changes in idiographic rhyme books. Scholars in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty had made theoretical explanations in all aspects,which is worthy of attention, of the coda -m and its changes.