论王筠“分别文、累增字”的学术背景与研究意图

On the Academic Background and Research Purposes of Wang Yun （ 王筠）＇s Fen Bie EVen （分别文） and Lei Zeng Zi （ 累增字）

现代学者通常把王筠提出的“分别文、累增字”等同于“古今字”，而实际上这两个概念源自王筠对《说文》“重文”的研究。王筠发现《说文》存在“异部重文”，而有些“异部重文”是由“一字递增”产生的，这种“一字递增”的重文现象跟汉字的发展演变有关，所以他将“一字递增”分成“分别文”和“累增字”专门提出来讨论，细致分析其中各类情形，一方面揭示汉字孳乳造字的具体规律，同时梳理新造字与“本字删之间的种种关系。这些因发展而形成的具有历时性质的各种字际关系，虽然有的可以归属于“古今字”，但原本不是从“古今字”的角度立论，因而跟“古今字”并不重合。如果认为王筠讨论“分别文、累增字”目的在以新的名目取代“古今字”，那不符合王筠的研究初衷，难以体现“分别文、累增字”的真正学术价值。

Modem scholars usually believe that Wang Yun （ 王筠）＇s Fen Bie Wen （ 分别文） and Lei Zeng Zi （累增字） equivalent to Gu Jin Zi （ 古今字 ）, but in fact these two concepts were from Wang Yun＇s study of Chong Wen （ 重文 ） in Shuo Wen （说文）. WangYun （王筠） discoveredthat some of Yi Bu Chong Wen （ 异部重文） was created on the basis of another, and this phenomenon may referring to the derivation of Chinese characters,so he divided it into two research projects called Fen Bie Wen （分别文） and Lei Zeng Zi （累增字）, on the one hand try to reveal the law of Chinese character creation, on the other hand study the relationships between the new created character and the original character.These relationships of characterdevelopment can be attribute to Gu Jin Zi （古今字）, but its study was not originally from Gu Jin Zi （古今字） .If scholars think Wang Yun （王筠）＇s research on Fen Bie Wen （分别文） and Lei Zeng Zi （累增字） is to replace Gu Jin Zi （古今字） by new names, that is inconsistent with the original intention of Wang Yon （王筠）＇s research,and it is difficult to reflect the real academic value of Fen Bie Wen （分别文） andLeiZengZi （累增字） inthatway.