木质纤维素分解复合菌剂强化牛粪堆肥工艺

Enhanced Technology of Cattle Manure Compost by Microbial Inoculum with High Lignocellulose Degradation Ability

为了解木质纤维素分解复合菌剂CC-1接种牛粪堆肥化的效果,将堆料C/N比、初始含水率、通风量及菌剂接种量进行正交试验,获得该菌剂应用的最佳工艺为堆料C/N比28,初始含水率55%,接种量0.8%(体积分数),每天通风20 min(通气量为5.09 m3/(min·m3))。在该工艺下,接种CC-1的处理堆肥周期缩短,比接种EM和未接菌对照提前2 d和3 d达到高温阶段(>50℃),提前8 d降温至40℃以下;堆肥结束后,接种CC-1处理的pH值为7.9,GI为106.5%,其全氮含量比接种EM和未接菌对照高19.33%和27.35%,总养分高7.91%和23.95%,腐殖酸含量高16.38%和47.53%;堆肥23 d后,接种CC-1的堆肥处理半纤维素分解率是接种EM和未接菌对照的1.2倍和1.8倍,纤维素分解率是接种EM和未接菌对照的1.8倍和2.1倍。

Effect of independently developed microbial inoculum on cattle manure enhanced composting was studied,which was named CC-1 with high lignocellulose degradation ability.CC-1 was a mixture with Geotrichum candidum-BD1,Streptomyces thermocarboxydus-SM,Bacillus subtilis-KC and Coriolus versicolor,in which the first three kinds of microbial were selected from cattle manure in Beijing areas.The orthogonal composting test was conducted in simulated fermentation tanks to study the effects of different parameters such as C/N ratio（26,28,32）,initial water content（55%,60%,65%）,aeration rate（10 min,20 min,30 min ventilation every day,with 1.63 m^3/ min ventilation pump power）,and inoculation amount of microbial agents on cattle manure composting.And composting effect was evaluated from temperature changes,C/N,sensory effect（including material particle size and stench） and total nutrients contents.The results showed that the optimum control parameters were as follows： C/N was 28, water content of compost materials was 55%,microbial inoculation amount was 0.8%（volume ratio） and 20 minutes ventilation every day（ventilation volume was 5.09 m3/（min·m3））.Then,with the optimum conditions,another composting was carried out to prove the effect of CC-1 on cattle manure composting, and the composting inoculated by EM and composting with non inoculum were taking as the controls.In this test,temperature changes and lignocellulose degradation during composting were measured.Besides, pH value, GI（germination index）, TC, TN, TP, TK, and humic acid were determined when composting finished.The results showed that the composting period was shortened.The period of temperature rising to 50℃ was 2 or 3 days earlier and the period of temperature decreasing to 40℃ below was 8 days earlier,compared to that inoculated by EM and non-inoculated.When composting finished, pH value and GI of compost inoculated by CC-1 were 7.9 and 106.5%.Compared to compost that inoculated by EM and non-inoculated,the TN was 19.33% and 27.35% higher,total nutrient was 7.91% and 23.95% higher,and the humic acid was 16.38% and 47.53% higher in compost that inoculated by CC-1.Degradation ratios of hemi-cellulose and cellulose in compost inoculated by CC-1 was 1.2 and 1.8 times,and 1.8 and 2.1 times that in compost inoculated by EM and non-inoculated, respectively.