一种基于开关技术的锂电池组均衡方法及实现

Design and realization of an equalization method based on switching technology for lithium-ion batteries

目前,锂离子电池已开始应用于大功率场合。在实际应用中,常将电池级联扩展成高电压大容量的电池组使用。为了延长电池组的使用寿命及安全性,需要设计简单有效的均衡方法来减小单体电池间的不一致性,从而保障整机的性能和安全。综合分析各种常见的均衡方法优缺点,提出了一种利用二级开关和两个DC/DC变换器对单体电池进行独立控制的均衡方法。在电池信息采集部分采用专用的电池监控集成电路,系统使用的元器件少、体积小、结构简单易实现。最后以18节锂离子电池串联组成的电池组为设计模型实施验证,实验结果显示该方法具有出色的均衡效果。

Currently, the lithium-ion battery has been used in high-power situations. In practical application, it is often extended into high-voltage and large-capacity battery pack to meet the power demands. In order to extend the battery＇s life cycle and safety, a simple and effective equalization approach is necessarily needed to reduce the difference between cells. A two-stage switch with two DC / DC converter equalization method was put forward based on the analysis of typical balancing methods. A battery monitoring IC was used to collect the battery information in the design. An 18-lithium-ion battery in series design model is optimally designed and implemented. Experimental results verify that the proposed method exhibits good balance performance with simple operation methods.