湘锰国家矿山公园植被恢复重建研究

Study of Vegetation Restoration and Rebuilding of Xiangmeng State Mine Park

原生植被在矿产开采过程中遭受严重破坏并形成残存斑块,最终消失,导致区域生态系统功能发生退化,对湘锰国家矿山公园分别种植筛选栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata)、香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、泡桐(Paulownia fortunei(Seem.)Hemsl.)、藜蒴栲(Castanopsis fissa)、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)5种乔木作为优势种构建长效植物群落及13种植物进行陆地矿渣山体及湿地的植被保育和恢复重建研究,以期为其它矿区受损生境的植被恢复与重建工作提供参考。结果表明:陆地植被恢复中栾树的效果最好;湿地植物的恢复重建中,成功筛选了9种植物可进行湿地植被恢复,其中对Mn富集能力最强的为紫叶美人蕉(Canna warscewiezii)、再力花(Thalia dealbata)、苎麻(Boehmeria nivea)。

The original vegetation in the mining process suffered seriously damage, which fragmented into remnant pitches and disappeared. Function of regional ecosystem was degraded, which needed to restore. Vegetation restoration and rebuilding of Xiangmeng State Mine Park were proceeded from two aspects： it had planted Koelreuteria paniculata, Cinnamornum camphora , Paulownia f ortunei （Seem.） Hemsl, Castanopsis fissa , Robinia pseudoacacia to build long- lasting as the dominant species Communities for terrestrial vegetation restoration and rebuilding; screened and p/anted 13 kinds of plants for wetland conservation and restoration. The results showed that Koelreuteria paniculata grew the best in terrestrial vegetation restoration. Nine species were screened successfully for wetland vegetation restoration. Canna warscewiezii, Thalia dealbata and Boehmeria nivea were the strongest of Mn enrichment plants.