新型化学储能器件——电化学电容

A New Energy Storage Device——Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor

电化学电容是一种与电池和传统的电容都不同的新型储能器件。电化学电容具有比传统的电介质电容高 2 0到 2 0 0倍以上的质量比电容。研究证明 ,电化学电容所具有的大容量是由于电极表面的双电层电容和氧化还原反应导致的“假电容”的共同作用而引起的。系统的介绍了电化学电容器的广泛应用、发展历史、储能机理以及它和电池与传统电介质电容的区别 ,并且系统的介绍了影响电化学电容器性能的若干个主要因素。

This electrochemical double-layer (ECDL) capacitor improves the energy storage density dramatically in comparing with conventional electrolytic capacitors. The application of the ECDL can be tailored to auxiliary energy and burst mode storages which require fast charge/discharge cycles. Typical applications envisioned are power system backup, directed energy weapons concepts, electric automobiles and electric actuators. In this paper, some of the general characteristics of carbon-based ECDL technology, describing the structure performance parameters, and methods of construction are discussed. Furthermore, some analytical and experimental results which define the state-of-the-art are presented and described in terms of impact on applications.