新疆乌鲁木齐南山山区天山马鹿(Cervus elaphus songaricus)种群数量调查

Investigation of Tianshan Red Deer(Cervus elaphus songaricus)Population Size in the Nanshan Mountains of Xinjiang,China

为了查清新疆乌鲁木齐南山山区天山马鹿(Cervus elaphus songaricus)种群的现状和有效保护与合理利用野生马鹿资源,2010~2011年采用截线抽样法对新疆南山山区天山马鹿的栖息地和种群现状进行了考察。共调查35条样线,总长度78 km,遇见马鹿158头,平均密度为0.52512±0.064758头/km^2,栖息地面积697 km^2,估计马鹿总数为366.0±45.1头。雌雄比例2.5:1,亚成体和成体数量明显大于幼体和老体数量。研究区域内马鹿的种群密度和资源总数量比往年有所下降;但从性比和年龄结构来看该研究区域马鹿种群有增长的潜力。

We investigated the current population size and habitat availability of wild Tianshan red deer（ Cervus elaphus songaricus）in the Nanshan Mountains of Urumqi in Xinjiang. We used line - transect sampling supported by use of global positioning systems（ GPS ）from 2010 to 2011. We sampled 35 line -transects covering a total length of 78 km and recorded 158 red deer at an aver- age density of 1. 486 0. 167 deer/km2. We estimated the habitat area at 697 km2 , the deer popu- lation at 1 035. 7 116. 4, and the sex ratio of female to male deer at 2.5： 1. Sub -adult and adult deer were more numerous than young and old deer. Comparison of our survey results with pub- lished reports indicated a potential decline of the wild red deer population. However, the transver- sal distribution was not uniform. Based on the gender and age structure, the red deer population showed an increasing trend.