陕北煤矿区地质环境保护与恢复治理措施——以神府矿区郭家湾煤矿为例

Coalmine Area Geological Environment Protection and Restoration, Controlling Measures——A Case Study of Guojiawan Coalmine, Shenmu-Fugu Mining Area

郭家湾煤矿地处神府矿区新民采区西北部,为生态环境脆弱区。井田七层煤三个煤组开采后引发地面塌陷、含水层疏干、土地结构变化等地质环境问题,严重制约了地方经济的发展。为了煤炭资源可持续发展,研究陕北煤矿区地质环境保护与恢复治理措施,以1∶10000野外详细调查为依据,首先进行现状评估,然后针对矿山工程建设可能遭受、加剧、引发的矿山地质环境问题进行预测评估,最后提出了以移民搬迁、回填裂缝、生态恢复、建立矿山地质环境监测体系等为主的防治措施,让煤矿开采与矿山地质环境问题恢复治理并行。旨为陕北地区乃至全国煤矿,在保护地质环境中开发利用矿产资源提供依据和示范。

The Guojiawan coalmine lies in northwestern part of the Xinmin minefield, Shenmu-Fugu mining area, an entironment fragile region. After coal mining, initiated geological problems of surface subsidence, aquifer dewatering, soil texture changing in the minefield; seriously restricted local economic development. For sustainable coal resources development, studied northern Shaanxi coalmine area geological environment protection and restoration, controlling measures, based on 1：10000 field detailed mapping, firstly carried out assessment of status quo, then allusion to mine engineering construction may incurred, intensified and initiated mine geological en- vironment problems carried out predicting evaluation, finally put forward the controlling measures of mainly population migration, fissures backfilling, ecological restoration, mine geological environment monitoring system etc. made coal mining and mine geological environment restoration and governing in parallel. The intent is to provide basis and demonstration for coalmines in northern Shaanxi and even whole country mineral resources exploitation and utilization under geological environment protection.