金川镍矿尾砂膏体充填系统工艺技术改造与应用研究

Technology reconstruction and application of the paste filling system to tailings in Jinchuan nickel mine

膏体充填技术是目前最先进和技术难度最大的充填采矿技术之一.从20世纪80年代末期到90年代中,金川矿山首次开展了尾砂膏体充填技术的引进、研究、系统建设和工业化应用研究.由于膏体充填技术在我国首次应用,因此在设计和工程应用中存在很多问题,导致膏体充填系统投产6年来一直处于非常生产状态.虽然开展了不间断研究和技术改造,但一直未取得突破性进展.针对在生产中暴露出的问题以及总结前期研究经验,从2005年4月开展了为期1年多的膏体充填技术攻关和系统改造,由此获得重大成果.改造后的膏体充填系统实现了正常生产,充填生产能力逐年提高,从2006年充填9万m3到2011年达到20万m3,达到了设计生产能力,解决了长期困扰尾砂膏体充填中的技术难题.文中首先简要概述我国目前膏体充填矿山应用现状,然后重点总结金川矿山尾砂膏体充填技术研究进展以及所取得的技术攻关成果.在此基础上,最后展望了金川矿山充填采矿技术的发展趋势.

Paste filling technology is currently one of the most advanced and difficult technology. From the end of the 80 s to the mid 90 s, the introduction, study, system construction and industrial application of backfilling paste filling system had been carried out in Jinchuan mine. The paste filling system had remained abnormal production status for six years after its operation due to the problems in design and engineering application, since it was first applied in China. No breakthrough had been achieved despite continuous research and technical reform until efforts had been put to solve the technology problems and improve system from 2005 to 2006 based on the exposed problems in production and the experience of preliminary work. The paste filling system has achieved regular production after reformation and its production capacity has been increasing year by year. The long-existing technological problem has been solved with the filling amount rising from 900 00 m3 in 2006 to 200 000 m3 in 2011 which is up to the designed production capacity of the paste filling system. This paper first introduces briefly the application status of the paste filling technology in our country, then summarizes the research progress and achievement of the tailing paste filling technology in Jinchuan mine. Finally, the development trend of filling mining is discussed.