梵净山自然保护区蕨类植物区系

THE PTERIDOPHYTE FLORA OF FANJINGSHAN MOUNTAIN

梵净山属武陵山脉主峰,位于贵州省东北部,东经108°45′55″—108°48′30″,北纬27°49′50″—28°1′30″,海拔500—2493.4米,面积约600平方公里,其蕨类植物区系组成共39科83属182种。在区系结构}二表现出下列几个一般的特征:(1)种系密度大,成分多样1(2)温带性质,是泛北极区系的一部分,与热带地区有一定的亲缘联系;(3)特有现象明显;(4)是东南亚成分(含中国一喜马拉雅和中国—日本成分)分布中心的一部分:是中国—喜马拉雅和中国一日本成分交汇中心的一部分;(5)属内种系贫乏;(6)与华东地区的关系密切。

Mt. Fanjingshan is the highest peak in Willing Mountain Rang. It is located in North-East of Guizhou Province, between 27°49' 50' and 28°1' 30'N., and between 108°45'55' and 108°48'300'E.. It covers an area of ca. 600 km2., altitude is from 500 m. to 2493 m. above sea level.After floristic analysis on ferns of this area, we have gained some general conclusions in the following 6 points:1. Compared with other parts of China, Mt. Fanjingshan is rather rich in flora. The species collected represented 83 genera and 39 families. It is 32.1 species per hundred square kilometre. 2. It is obvious temperate characteristics. According to genera area pattern, tropical elements are main( 63.9% ), but to species area pattern, East-Asian elements, including China-Japan and Himalaya-China, are the most important(55%), and tropical elements are only 14.4%. 3. Endemic phenomena are rather obvious. There is 1 Chinese endemic genus and 44 Chinese endemic species including 3 endemic species of Mt. Fanjingshan. 4. This area is a part of the center of East-Asian elements and a part of cross center of China-Japan and Himalaya-China. 5. Species are rare in general genera. There are few species in general genera except a few genera. 51.9% genera only include 1 species and 32.2% genera include 2-3 species. 6. This flora is most similiar to that of East China on affinity. Genera and species affinity rate to Dagangshan Mountain, located in Jiangxi Province, is 80.7% and 57.9% respectively, and those of other places are under 50% and 20% respectively, such as Xi-zang Plateau, Hainan, Xishangbannan etc.