铁皮石斛组织培养与快速繁殖研究进展

Advances in Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl.

铁皮石斛(Dendrobium candidum Wall.ex Lindl.)是我国传统名贵中药材,自然繁殖率低,野生资源稀缺,近些年对其人工快繁技术研究进展较快。从外植体、原球茎增殖与分化、生根与壮苗、移栽等方面对铁皮石斛组织培养与快速繁殖研究进行了综述。提出当前研究存在的问题:种苗培养周期较长,成本较高;大田移栽技术研究相对薄弱,移栽后的种苗成活率较低;对于种苗培养过程中药用有效成分积累规律的研究较少。针对当前研究存在的不足,指出今后的研究方向:加强光照、温度、湿度等环境条件与原球茎增殖分化相关性研究,缩短种苗培养周期,提高生产效率;加强大田移栽技术基础研究,提高移栽成活率;加强组织培养过程中种苗药用有效成分积累规律以及与培养条件关系研究,提高种苗药用有效成分含量。该研究可为铁皮石斛规模化生产提供参考。

D. candium Wall. ex Lindl. is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with low natural propagation and wild resource scarcity, the research of D. candium rapid propagation has made great progress in recent years. In this paper, the researches of tissue culture and rapid propagation of D. candidum Wall. ex Lindl. were reviewed from the aspects of selection ofexplants in tissue culture, protocorm multiplication and differentiation, rooting and strengthening seedling and transplanting. The deficiencies of current researches were proposed, i.e. long culti- vation circle of seedlings, high cost; poor researches on transplanting techniques, low survival rate of transplanted seedlings; limited resear- ches on accumulation of active ingredients in seedling cultivation. In view of the problems, the future research directions were discussed, i. e. researches on illumination, temperature and humidity, multiplication and differentiation of protocorm, shortening seedling cultivation circle, improving production efficiency ; devoting more in fundamental researches on transplanting techniques, improving transplanting rate ; enhancing researches on the relationship between accumulation of active ingredients and cultivation conditions in tissue culture, improving concentration of active ingredients of seedling. The research provides references for the large-scale production of D. candidum Wall. ex Lindl..