从米开朗琪罗到帕拉第奥 意大利文艺复兴时期建筑师职业的多源性与专业训练的多样化

From Michelangelo to Palladio Architectural Professionalism in the Italian Renaissance

自意大利文艺复兴时期开始,建筑与绘画和雕塑一样成为"博雅"艺术,建筑师逐渐脱离中世纪的工匠阶层,大大提高了自身的社会地位。为了描述文艺复兴时期建筑师职业的多源性与专业训练的多样化,文章通过三位出身和经历各异的建筑师来作具体分析:米开朗琪罗、帕拉第奥和珊索维诺。他们对后世建筑师的成长道路有深远影响。

Beginning with the Italian Renaissance, architecture became a liberal art as did painting and sculpture; the architect gradually emerged as a prominent individual rising above the artisan class. Yet both architectural training and practice had not been institutionalized, and Renaissance architects came from diverse backgrounds. To gain insights into the multiple origins of the architectural profession in the Renaissance, the author selects three architects to discuss as case studies： Michelangelo, Andrea Palladio, and Jacopo Sansovino, each serving to illustrate a major aspect of architectural training. All three have cast long-lasting influences on later architects＇ approaches to the architectural profession.