脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚基三阳离子季铵盐的合成及其性能

Synthesis and performance of tri-quaternary ammonium salt with ethoxy-fatty alcohol group

首先以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚与金属钠反应生成醇钠,醇钠与环氧氯丙烷发生亲核取代反应生成脂肪醇聚氧乙烯甘油醚,然后五甲基二乙烯三胺在酸性条件下与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯甘油醚反应生成脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚基三阳离子季铵盐。通过红外光谱对目标产物作了定性分析,并对目标产物的水溶性、临界胶束浓度、表面张力、泡沫性能等进行了测定。结果表明:脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚基三阳离子季铵盐具有较大的溶解度,较高的表面活性;其起泡性能和稳泡性基本不受温度影响,pH虽对其起泡性能影响不大,但对泡沫稳定性有一定影响;其在硬水中具有良好的稳定性。

Firstly, sodium alkoxide was prepared by fatty alcohol ethoxylate and metal sodium, and polyethoxy glyceride was formed by sodium alkoxide and epoxy chloropropane. Then the tri -quaternary ammonium salt was obtained by the reaction of polyethoxy glyceride with pentamethyldiethylenetriamine under acidic condition. Structure of the product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy （IR） , and its properties such as solubility, critical micelle concentration, surface tension and foam performance were measured. The results showed ： the tri - quaternary ammonium salt has good solubility and high surface activity. Temperature has no virtual effect on its foaming properties and foaming stability. Condition pH has no big influence on foaming properties of the product, but its foaming stability is rather influenced by pH. The product shows good stability in hard water.