北京市交通运输系统负外部性量化分析与计算

Quantitative Analysis and Calculation of the Negative Externality of Beijing Transportation System

以北京市交通运输系统为研究对象,对2010年北京市交通运输系统的负外部性进行研究与分析,先将负外部性定性分为交通事故、噪音污染、空气污染、温室效应和交通拥堵五类,然后再分别采用定量方法选取对应的量化指标将其负效应量化,得出北京市交通运输系统负效应具体量化值,计算结果约为北京市当年GDP的4.17%,使人们对交通运输的负外部性具体量化值有更为直接的认识,并对相关政策提供参考。

The paper took Beijing transportation system as the main study object and conducted a research to analyse the negative externality of Beijing transportation system. At first the paper divided the negative externality into traffic accidents, noise pollution, air pollution, the greenhouse effect and congestion, and then selected corresponding quantitative indexes in order to take quantitative methods respectively to quantificat the negative externality, getting the specific quantitative values of the negative externality of Beijing transportation system, the calculation result of which is about 4.17% of GDP of Beijing, which made people have a more direct concept about the negative externality of transportation, and to provide references to relevant policy.