接受伊马替尼治疗的156例胃肠间质瘤临床分析

Clinical analysis of 156 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors receiving imatinib therapy

目的探讨胃肠间质瘤（GIST）不同危险程度、不同部位以及不同方案治疗患者的预后。方法回顾性总结2006年1月至2010年12月间在天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院接受伊马替尼治疗的156例成人GIST患者的临床资料。依据改良的NIH危险度分级，30例患者纳入中危组：126例患者纳人高危组，其中67例为晚期GIST（复发转移或病情进展）。肿瘤原发于胃78例，非胃（小肠、结直肠、肠系膜及腹膜后）78例。全组均接受口服伊马替尼400mg／d的治疗，其中根治术后口服伊马替尼89例（根治术后辅助治疗组）；另67例为晚期GIST（复发转移或病情进展）患者中，根治术后肿瘤进展后口服伊马替尼26例（根治术后进展治疗组），姑息术后口服伊马替尼27例，未手术而单纯服用伊马替尼14例。比较原发肿瘤不同危险程度、不同部位以及不同治疗方法患者的生存情况。结果全组156例患者对伊马替尼治疗的总体耐受性良好。全组均获得随访，随访时间9～56（中位时间27）月，1、2、3年总体生存率（OS）分别为96％、81％和71％。高危组1、2、3年0s分别为95％、77％和65％，中危组均为100％，两组差异有统计学意义（P=0．001）。肿瘤原发于胃组患者1、2、3年0s分别为97％、90％和84％；肿瘤原发非胃组患者1、2、3年OS分别为95％、69％和52％，两组差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）。根治术后辅助治疗组患者1、2、3年OS分别为98％、95％和90％。晚期GIST患者1、2、3年OS分别为91％、58％和43％；其中根治术后进展治疗组分别为92％、74％和56％，姑息术后治疗组分别为92％、51％和21％，未手术治疗组分别为77％、27％和0；前组的预后明显优于后两组（P=0．000）。结论高危GIST和肿瘤位于非胃以及晚期患者的预后不佳。根治性手术及应用伊马替尼能够改善晚期GIST患者的预后。

Objective To evaluate the impact of primary site, NIH risk and imatinib treatment on the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors （GIST）. Methods Clinicopathological data of 156 adult patients with GIST treated by imatinib in the Cancer Institute and Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2006 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. According to NIH risk classification, 30 patients were at moderate risk and 126 at high risk. Sixty-seven patients had advanced GIST. Prognosis of patients with different primary tumor site, different NIH risk and different treatment was compared respectively. Results Imatinib therapy was well tolerated in all the patients. Eighty-nine cases received radical operation and adjuvant imatinib treatment. Among 67 advanced GIST cases, 26 received radical operation and adjuvant imatinib treatment, 27 received palliative operation and adjuvant imatinib treatment, and 14 received simple adjuvant imatinib treatment without operation. All the patients had routine follow-up, ranging from 9 to 56 （median 27） months. The overall survival （OS） rate was 96% in 1-year, 86% in 2-year, and 71% in 3-year. The OS rate was 95% in 1-year, 77% in 2-year, and 65% in 3-year for patients at high risk, and all 100% in 1-, 2-, 3-year for patients at moderate risk, the differences was statistically significant （P=0.00I）. The OS rate was 97% in l-year, 90% in 2-year, and 84% in 3-year for patients with gastric GIST, and 95% in 1-year, 69% in 2-year, and 52% in 3-year for patients with non-gastric GIST, the difference was significant（P=0.000）. The OS rate was 98% in 1-year, 95% in 2-year, and 90% in 3-year for patients undergoing radical resection and adjuvant imatinib therapy. For 67 advanced GIST patients with imatinib therapy, none had complete remission, 41 had part remission, 15 had stable disease, indicating 56 advanced GIST cases （83.6%） obtaining clinical benefit. The OS rate was 91% in 1-year, 58% in 2-year, and 43% in 3-year. Conclusions The prognosis of high, and non-gastric and advanced GIST patients is poor. Radical resection combined with early imatinib treatment can improve the prognosis of GIST patients.