吉林省松原市地下水污染评价及污染因素分析

Groundwater Contamination Assessment and Analysis of Contamination Factors of Songyuan City in Jilin Province

松原市是我国北方以石油化工为主的新兴工业城市,石化产业的发展对区内地下水造成了一定程度的污染。本文在区域水文地质调查的基础上,采用单因子评价和叠加指数法对该区的地下水污染现状进行评价,并对地下水污染影响加以分析。评价区地下水中Fe、Mn和NH4+超标严重,主要与原生环境背景含量高有关,全区的大部分地区为轻微污染,严重和较重污染的局部区域多以点状或带状分布。地下水中总硬度和矿化度超标也较严重,在局部污染严重地区,水中Cl、SO42–、NO3–、COD(高锰酸盐指数)、挥发酚等均有超标现象。导致地下水污染的原因除生活污染外,与石油开采、炼制、加工和运输关系密切。

Songyuan is a new city of petrochemical industry base in northern China. The development of petrochemical industry has caused a certain degree of contamination of groundwater in the area. On the basis of regional hydrogeological investigation, the authors assessed present situation of groundwater contamination by using single factor evaluation and superposition index method and analyzed the influence of contamination on the groundwater. The concentrations of Fe, Mn and NH4＋ in the groundwater are much higher than their standards, mainly associated with high background values of the original environment. Most areas of the city have been slightly polluted, and local seriously and relatively heavily polluted districts assume point or zonal distribution. The total hardness and mineralization degree of groundwater also seriously exceed the standard values. In local heavily polluted places, the concentrations of Cl, SO42-, NO3-, COD and volatile phenol in the water also exceed the standard values. The groundwater pollution is closely related to the oil extraction, refining, processing and transportation in addition to human life pollution.