城市扩张与热岛效应下济南对夏季极端高温的适应性措施

Strategy of Adaptation to Extreme High Temperature in Summer of Ji'nan City under Urban Expansion and Urban Heat Island Effect

城市如何适应气候变化所引发的高温、暴雨等极端天气事件是一个急切而现实的问题。文章基于济南市1970-2012年夏季平均气温、年极端最高气温资料对济南近43年来夏季高温变化态势进行分析,发现二者均呈显著上升的趋势,且1997年来≥40.0℃的极端高温出现频率较之前明显升高。为此,建议济南通过建设"三横两纵两环"绿色空间网格、适当控制主城规模、落实"公交都市"战略、完善高温预警机制等规划措施增强其对极端高温的适应能力。

How to adapt to extreme weather events such as extreme high temperature, hard rain caused by climate change in cities is an urgent and realistic issue. The change trend of summer high temperature was analyzed for Ji＇nan city with summer average temperature and annual extreme maximum air temperature during 1970-2012. It is shown that both of them had an obvious rising trend in the last 43a, and the frequency of extreme high temperature which was above 40.0~C increased rapidly since 1997. In order to improve the adaptation of Ji＇nan city to extreme high temperature, the government was suggested to make some adaptive measures, e.g., to build ＂3-horizontal and 3-vertical and 2-circular＂ green space network, to control the urban size, to fulfill ＂the transit metropolis＂ strategy and perfect the high temperature warning system.