中美日无障碍设计法规发展比较研究

Comparative Study on Accessible Design Laws and Regulations of USA,Japan & China

无障碍设计法规建设是老年人和残疾人等弱势群体参与社会生活的制度保障,体现着城市建设的文明程度。美国和日本是世界上无障碍设计法规发展较先进的国家,其法规发展历史较长。两国无障碍法律、规定和标准体系构成完善,均已发展至信息无障碍和通用设计阶段,覆盖保障对象广泛,相关的无障碍设计科研开展较早,公众参与较多,并各自具有自身特色。总结美国和日本无障碍法规发展趋势,将其发展特征与我国加以比较研究,最终得出推进我国无障碍法规建设的建议措施。

Accessible design laws and regulations are system security for vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the disabled to participate in social life, embodying the degree of civilization of a city. United States and Japan are advanced countries in the world with long history of development on accessible design laws and regulations. Both countries＇ accessible design laws, regulations and standards constitute a perfect system, and have developed into the era of information accessibility and universal design, covering an extensive population, with earlier relevant scientific research, more public participation and each with its own characteristics. Summarizing the trends of United States and Japan accessible design laws and regulations, and comparing their characteristics to China, the paper makes proposals to promote the construction of accessible design regulation system for China.